Fāʾiq, Naʿʿūm
Fāʾiq, Naʿʿūm
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Fāʾiq, Naʿʿūm (ca. 1868–1930) [Syr. Orth.]
纳乌姆·法伊克 (Naʿʿūm Fāʾiq) （约 1868–1930 年）[叙利亚正教 (Syr. Orth.)]
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Author and publisher.
作者与出版者。
He was born in Diyarbakır ( Amid ) to Eliās Jacob Palak and Saydeh Safar and was given the baptismal name Naʿʿūm (he gave himself the nickname Fāʾiq). He studied in the local schools, and then taught from 1888 to 1912 at various community schools, mostly in Diyarbakır, but also for short periods in al-Bsheriyyeh, Edessa , Adıyaman, and Ḥimṣ . He witnessed the horrific massacres of 1895 in Diyarbakır. Fāʾiq was ordained a deacon in 1889 by Ignatius Peṭros III/IV. In 1908, after the Young Turk Revolution, he established in Diyarbakır the Jamʿiyyat al-Intibāh (known in Syriac as ʿIrutho), and shortly thereafter the newspaper Kawkab Madenḥo (1910–12, 43 issues), published in Syriac, Garshuni Arabic, and mostly Garshuni Turkish. He immigrated to the USA in 1912 where he lived in NJ. There, he established the newspaper Beth Nahrin (1916–21), and later became the editor of Ḥuyodo (Union) for one year (1921–22, 39 issues), an organ of the Assyro-Chaldean Association, after which he reissued Beth Nahrin (1922–30). He contributed to other periodicals such as Intibāh (NY, ed. Gabriel Boyaji), Murshid Athurion (Kharput, ed. Ashur Yusuf), and Shiphuro (Diyarbakır, ed. Basshār Ḥilmī). According to his biographer, he wrote many books in Arabic and Turkish which remain unpublished, but it is not clear how many are in final form and how many are mere notes.
他出生于迪亚巴克尔（Diyarbakır）（阿米达 [Amid]），父母是伊利亚斯·雅各布·帕拉克（Eliās Jacob Palak）和赛德赫·萨法尔（Saydeh Safar），受洗名为纳乌姆（Naʿʿūm）（他自取昵称为 法伊克 [Fāʾiq]）。他在当地学校求学，随后于 1888 年至 1912 年间在各社区学校任教，主要在迪亚巴克尔（Diyarbakır），但也曾在比舍里耶（al-Bsheriyyeh）、埃德萨（Edessa）、阿德亚曼（Adıyaman）和霍姆斯（Ḥimṣ）短期任教。他目睹了 1895 年迪亚巴克尔（Diyarbakır）发生的骇人听闻的大屠杀。法伊克（Fāʾiq）于 1889 年由依纳爵·彼得三世/四世（Ignatius Peṭros III/IV）按立为执事。1908 年，青年土耳其党革命（Young Turk Revolution）后，他在迪亚巴克尔（Diyarbakır）建立了觉醒协会（Jamʿiyyat al-Intibāh）（叙利亚语 (Syriac) 称为 觉醒（ʿIrutho）），不久后创办了报纸《东方之星》(Kawkab Madenḥo)（1910–12 年，43 期），使用叙利亚语 (Syriac)、加尔舒尼阿拉伯语（Garshuni Arabic）出版，主要为加尔舒尼土耳其语（Garshuni Turkish）。他于 1912 年移民美国（USA），居住在新泽西州（NJ）。在那里，他创办了报纸《两河之家》(Beth Nahrin)（1916–21 年），后来担任《团结》(Ḥuyodo) 编辑 (ed.) 一年（1921–22 年，39 期），该报是亚述 - 迦勒底协会（Assyro-Chaldean Association）的机关报，之后他复刊了《两河之家》(Beth Nahrin)（1922–30 年）。他为其他期刊撰稿，如《觉醒》(Intibāh)（纽约 (NY)，编辑 (ed.) 加布里埃尔·博亚吉 (Gabriel Boyaji)）、《亚述向导》(Murshid Athurion)（哈尔普特 (Kharput)，编辑 (ed.) 阿舒尔·优素福 (Ashur Yusuf)）和《信使》(Shiphuro)（迪亚巴克尔 (Diyarbakır)，编辑 (ed.) 巴沙尔·希尔米 (Basshār Ḥilmī)）。据其传记作者记载，他用阿拉伯语和土耳其语撰写了许多书籍，但尚未出版，目前尚不清楚有多少是定稿，有多少仅是笔记。
His Syriac writings include:
其叙利亚文著作包括：
- A collection of national anthems in Syriac (but also in Turkish, and Arabic) (Diyarbakır, 1908; 2nd ed. NJ, 1913).
- 一部叙利亚语 (Syriac) 国歌集（但也包含土耳其语 (Turkish) 和阿拉伯语 (Arabic)）（迪亚巴克尔 (Diyarbakır), 1908; 第 2 版 (2nd ed.), 新泽西 (NJ), 1913）。
- A Syriac reader titled Ktobo d-qeryono d-suryoyuto (NJ), designated as part 1 but probably no other parts were published.
- 一本叙利亚语读本，题为《叙利亚语读本》(Ktobo d-qeryono d-suryoyuto) (NJ)，标为第 1 部分，但可能未出版其他部分。
- A brief question-answer pedagogical work on mathematics (incomplete ms.).
- 一部关于数学的简短问答式教学著作（不完整手稿 (ms.)）。
- A pedagogical work on geography based on Salīm Sāmī Juqqī’s Arabic textbook al-Khawāṭir al-wāfiya fī uṣūl al-jughrafya (incomplete ms.).
- 一部基于萨利姆·萨米·朱基 (Salīm Sāmī Juqqī) 的阿拉伯语教科书《地理学原理完备札记》(al-Khawāṭir al-wāfiya fī uṣūl al-jughrafya) 的地理学教学著作（残缺手稿 (ms.)）。
- The sayings of Benjamin Franklin translated from Arabic into Syriac (ms.).
- 本杰明·富兰克林 (Benjamin Franklin) 的格言从阿拉伯语译为叙利亚语（手稿 (ms.)）。
- A translation into Syriac from Persian — also making use of Arabic, Turkish, and English versions — of the Quatrains of Omar Khayyam (ms., 10 stanzas published by M. F. Juqqī, 300–4).
- 从波斯语译为叙利亚语的译本——亦参考了阿拉伯语、土耳其语和英语版本——欧玛尔·海亚姆 (Omar Khayyam) 的《四行诗》(Quatrains)（手稿 (ms.)，10 节，由 M. F. 朱基 (M. F. Juqqī) 出版，300–4 页）。
References
Abūna, Adab, 546–9.
Barsoum, Scattered pearls, 523.
M. F. Juqqī, Naʿʿūm Faʾiq Dhikrā wa-Takhlīd (Damascus, 1937).
Macuch, Geschichte, 432–3.
Munūfar Barṣūm, Aḍwāʾ, 39–43.
Citation
George A. Kiraz. 2011. “Fāʾiq, Naʿʿūm.” In Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage. Beth Mardutho. https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/Faiq-Naum.