Eutyches
Eutyches
Header
Eutyches (ca. 378 – ca. 454)
优迪克 (Eutyches)(约 378 – 约 454)
Body
Monk, then an archimandrite in Constantinople whose teachings on christology became controversial.not a summary
修士 (Monk),后为君士坦丁堡 (Constantinople) 大修道院院长 (archimandrite),其关于基督论 (christology) 的教导引起争议。非摘要 (not a summary)
His early life, of which hardly anything is known, was evidently as a monk, and then an archimandrite, in Constantinople where, by 448, he and his teaching evidently had an influential following. In Nov. 448 Eusebius bp. of Dorylaeum denounced his teaching to Patr. Flavian, and Eutyches was summoned to a synod which condemned him (Pseudo-Zacharias, ‘Church History’, II.2; Acts of Council of Chalcedon, First Session). He appealed to Pope Leo I (* CPG * 5948) and to Dioscorus, presenting professions of faith in formulations that were considered acceptable (Leo’s reply also survives [* CPG * 5953]). He was restored at the second Council of Ephesus (449), but under the new emperor Marcian he was condemned again at the Council of Chalcedon in 451, and this time exiled. Exactly what his teaching really was is unclear (both at the time and today), but he was understood to have held that Christ is consubstantial only with the Father, and not with us — a position rejected by both miaphysites and dyophysites.
其早年生活几乎无人知晓,显然先是君士坦丁堡 (Constantinople) 的一名修士,随后成为大修道院院长 (archimandrite),至 448 年,其及其教导显然拥有颇具影响力的追随者。448 年 11 月,多里莱乌姆 (Dorylaeum) 主教 (bp.) 优西比乌 (Eusebius) 向宗主教 (Patr.) 弗拉维安 (Flavian) 谴责了他的教导,欧迪奇 (Eutyches) 被传唤至一场会议,该会议谴责了他(伪扎卡里亚 (Pseudo-Zacharias),《教会史》(Church History),II.2;《迦克墩公会议记录》(Acts of Council of Chalcedon),第一次会议 (First Session))。他向教宗良一世 (Pope Leo I) (* CPG * 5948) 和狄奥斯库若 (Dioscorus) 上诉,提交的信仰宣言措辞被认为是可接受的(良 (Leo) 的回复亦存世 [* CPG * 5953])。他在第二次以弗所公会议 (Second Council of Ephesus)(449 年)上得到恢复,但在新皇帝马尔西安 (Marcian) 统治下,他于 451 年在迦克墩公会议 (Council of Chalcedon) 上再次受到谴责,此次被流放。他的教导究竟为何并不清楚(当时和今日皆然),但据理解他主张基督仅与圣父 (Father) 同本体 (consubstantial),而与我们不同——这一立场既被一性论派 (miaphysites) 也被二性论派 (dyophysites) 所拒绝。
References
CPG 5945–5954.
G. Bevan and P. T. R. Gray, ‘The trial of Eutyches: A new interpretation’, Byzantinische Zeitschrift 101 (2008), 617–657.
J. Lebon, Le monophysisme sévérien (1909), 489–500.
E. Schwartz, Der Prozess des Eutyches (Sitzungsberichte der bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, phil.-hist. Kl., Abt. 5; 1929).
A. Van Roey, ‘Eutyches’, in DHGE , vol. 16 (1964–67), 87–91.
Citation
Sebastian P. Brock. 2011. “Eutyches.” In Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage. Beth Mardutho. https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/Eutyches.