Sureth
Sureth
Header
Sureth
苏雷斯语 (Sureth)
Body
The term Sureth (< surāʾith ‘in Syriac’) refers to a number of North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic dialects spoken by E. Syrians in North Iraq, especially in the villages of the Mosul plain.
术语“苏雷特”(Sureth)（< surāʾith‘叙利亚语’）指的是伊拉克北部 (North Iraq) 东方叙利亚人 (E. Syrians) 使用的多种东北新阿拉米语方言，尤其是在摩苏尔平原 (Mosul plain) 的村庄中。
The term Sureth (< surāʾith ‘in Syriac’) refers to a number of North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic dialects spoken by E. Syrians in North Iraq, especially in the villages of the Mosul plain. The use for literary purposes of what is seemingly a koine based on the Alqosh (and Telkepe ?) dialects has been attested since the end of the 16th cent. Later on, 19th and 20th cent. Sureth texts exhibit dialectal features of other districts, such as the mountain villages on the Iraqi-Turkish border or the town of Mosul. The ms. transmission of Sureth texts is characterized by phonetic spelling, unlike the rather historico-etymological standard in use for Urmia Neo-Aramaic (Assyrian). The earliest attested texts are religious poems belonging to the dorekthā genre. Wedding songs in Sureth (zmeryāthā d-rāwe) have been recorded in written form by European and Assyrian scholars. Spoken or literary varieties of Sureth are also known as Felliḥi, Iraqi koine, Modern Syriac, Neo-Syriac, Vernacular Syriac.
术语“苏雷特”(Sureth)（< surāʾith “叙利亚语中”）指的是伊拉克北部 (North Iraq) 的东方叙利亚人 (E. Syrians) 所使用的多种东北新阿拉米语 (North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic) 方言，尤其是在摩苏尔 (Mosul) 平原的村庄中。基于阿尔科什 (Alqosh)（和泰勒凯佩 (Telkepe)？）方言的看似一种通用语 (koine) 的文学用途，自 16 世纪 (16th cent.) 末以来已有记载。后来，19 和 20 世纪 (19th and 20th cent.) 的苏雷特 (Sureth) 文本展示了其他地区的方言特征，例如伊拉克 - 土耳其 (Iraqi-Turkish) 边境的山村或摩苏尔 (Mosul) 城。苏雷特 (Sureth) 文本的手稿 (ms.) 传承特点是拼音拼写，不同于乌尔米耶 (Urmia) 新阿拉米语（亚述语 (Assyrian)）所使用的较为历史词源的标准。最早有记载的文本是属于多雷克塔 (dorekthā) 体裁的宗教诗歌。苏雷特 (Sureth) 中的婚礼歌曲（兹梅里亚塔·德·拉韦 (zmeryāthā d-rāwe)）已被欧洲和亚述 (Assyrian) 学者以书面形式记录下来。苏雷特 (Sureth) 的口语或文学变体也称为费利希 (Felliḥi)、伊拉克通用语 (Iraqi koine)、现代叙利亚语 (Modern Syriac)、新叙利亚语 (Neo-Syriac)、方言叙利亚语 (Vernacular Syriac)。
See also Aramaic.
另见阿拉米语 (Aramaic)。
See Fig. 44.
参见图 44。
References
I. Guidi, ‘Beiträge zur Kenntnis des neuaramäischen Fellīḥī-Dialektes’, ZDMG 39 (1883), 293–318.
O. Jastrow, ‘The Neo-Aramaic languages’, in The Semitic languages, ed. R. Hetzron (1997), 334–77.
J. Rhétoré, Grammaire de la langue soureth ou chaldéen vulgaire selon le dialecte de la plaine de Mossoul et des pays adjacents (1912).
E. Sachau, Skizze des Fellichi-Dialekts von Mosul (1895).
, ‘Über die Poesie in der Volkssprache der Nestorianer’, Sitzungsberichte der Königlich-Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 11.8 (1896), 179–215.
Citation
Alessandro Mengozzi. 2011. “Sureth.” In Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage. Beth Mardutho. https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/Sureth.